Go字符串函數實例

標準庫的字符串包提供了許多有用的字符串相關函數。這裏有一些例子就像使用一個包的感覺。
將fmt.Println別名縮寫爲一個較短的名稱，因爲將在下面示例代碼中使用它。

下面是字符串中可用函數的示例。因爲這些是來自包的函數，而不是字符串對象本身的方法，所以我們需要將有問題的字符串作爲函數的第一個參數傳遞。可以在字符串包docs中找到更多的函數。

不是字符串的一部分，但值得一提的是，以字節爲單位獲取字符串長度並按索引獲取字節的機制。

注意len和索引在字節級上工作的。 Go使用UTF-8編碼字符串，因此這通常是有用的。如果使用潛在的多字節字符，將需要使用編碼轉換操作。有關詳細信息，請參閱Go中的字符串，字節，符文和字符(http://blog.golang.org/strings)。。)

所有的示例代碼，都放在 F:\worksp\golang 目錄下。安裝Go編程環境請參考：http://www.yiibai.com/go/go\_environment.html

string-functions.go的完整代碼如下所示 -

package main

import s "strings"
import "fmt"

// We alias `fmt.Println` to a shorter name as we'll use
// it a lot below.
var p = fmt.Println

func main() {

    // Here's a sample of the functions available in
    // `strings`. Since these are functions from the
    // package, not methods on the string object itself,
    // we need pass the string in question as the first
    // argument to the function. You can find more
    // functions in the [`strings`](http://golang.org/pkg/strings/)
    // package docs.
    p("Contains:  ", s.Contains("test", "es"))
    p("Count:     ", s.Count("test", "t"))
    p("HasPrefix: ", s.HasPrefix("test", "te"))
    p("HasSuffix: ", s.HasSuffix("test", "st"))
    p("Index:     ", s.Index("test", "e"))
    p("Join:      ", s.Join([]string{"a", "b"}, "-"))
    p("Repeat:    ", s.Repeat("a", 5))
    p("Replace:   ", s.Replace("foo", "o", "0", -1))
    p("Replace:   ", s.Replace("foo", "o", "0", 1))
    p("Split:     ", s.Split("a-b-c-d-e", "-"))
    p("ToLower:   ", s.ToLower("TEST"))
    p("ToUpper:   ", s.ToUpper("test"))
    p()

    // Not part of `strings`, but worth mentioning here, are
    // the mechanisms for getting the length of a string in
    // bytes and getting a byte by index.
    p("Len: ", len("hello"))
    p("Char:", "hello"[1])
}

// Note that `len` and indexing above work at the byte level.
// Go uses UTF-8 encoded strings, so this is often useful
// as-is. If you're working with potentially multi-byte
// characters you'll want to use encoding-aware operations.
// See [strings, bytes, runes and characters in Go](http://blog.golang.org/strings)
// for more information.

執行上面代碼，將得到以下輸出結果 -

F:\worksp\golang>go run string-functions.go
Contains:   true
Count:      2
HasPrefix:  true
HasSuffix:  true
Index:      1
Join:       a-b
Repeat:     aaaaa
Replace:    f00
Replace:    f0o
Split:      [a b c d e]
ToLower:    test
ToUpper:    TEST

Len:  5
Char: 101