GSM是什麼?

GSM是什麼?

如果你是在歐洲,亞洲或日本,然後用手機很可能必須使用GSM技術在您的手機。

  • GSM 代表全球移動通信系統(Global System for Mobile)GSM是一個開放的,數字蜂窩技術,用於傳輸移動語音和數據服務。
  • GSM的基於單元的移動無線系統在貝爾實驗室在20世紀70年代初出現的想法。
  • GSM是成立於1982年,以建立歐洲統一的移動電話標準的標準化組織的名稱。
  • GSM標準是最被廣泛接受的標準,並在全球實施。
  • GSM是一種電路交換系統,每個200kHz的信道劃分成8個25kHz的時間槽。GSM可以工作在900MHz和1.8GHz的頻帶,在歐洲和美國了1.9GHz和850MHz頻段中。
  • GSM的使用的窄帶時分多址(TDMA)技術的用於發送信號。
  • GSM採用數字技術開發。它有能力進行64 kbps到120 Mbps的數據傳輸速率。
  • 目前GSM支持在超過210個國家和地區的超過一個億的移動用戶,在整個世界。
  • GSM提供先進的語音和數據服務,包括漫遊服務的基礎。漫遊是在另一個GSM網絡,能夠使用GSM手機號碼。

GSM數字化和壓縮數據,然後將它與其他兩個用戶數據流,各在自己的時間槽通過一個通道。它工作在900兆赫或1800兆赫頻段。

爲什麼用GSM?

GSM研究組旨在提供以下通過GSM:

  • 提高頻譜效率。
  • 國際漫遊。
  • 廉價的移動臺和基站(BS)
  • 高質量的語音
  • 綜合服務數字網(ISDN)和其他電話公司的服務的兼容性。
  • 支持新的服務。

GSM歷史簡介:

下表顯示了許多重要事件在GSM系統的推出等事件的相繼出臺,但有顯着影響整體系統減少。

年代

事件

1982

CEPT establishes a GSM group in order to develop the standards for a pan-European cellular mobile system.

1985

A list of recommendations to be generated by the group is accepted.

1986

Field tests are performed to test the different radio techniques proposed for the air interface.

1987

Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) is chosen as the access method (with Frequency Division Multiple Access [FDMA]). The initial Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) is signed by telecommunication operators representing 12 countries.

1988

GSM system is validated.

1989

The responsibility of the GSM specifications is passed to the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI).

1990

Phase 1 of the GSM specifications is delivered.

1991

Commercial launch of the GSM service occurs. The DCS1800 specifications are finalized.

1992

The addition of the countries that signed the GSM Memorandum of Understanding takes place. Coverage spreads to larger cities and airports.

1993

Coverage of main roads' GSM services starts outside Europe.

1994

Data transmission capabilities launched. The number of networks rises to 69 in 43 countries by the end of 1994.

1995

Phase 2 of the GSM specifications occurs. Coverage is extended to rural areas.

1996

June: 133 network in 81 countries operational.

1997

July: 200 network in 109 countries operational, around 44 million subscribers worldwide.

1999

Wireless Application Protocol came into existence and 130 countries operational with 260 million subscribers

2000

General Packet Radio Service(GPRS) came into existence.

2001

As of May 2001, over 550 million people were subscribers to mobile telecommunications